- Informative Text: From Hide to Leather – The Story of Aotearoa’s Leather
In the heart of the North Island, around places like Whanganui and Hamilton, leather production has been an important part of local industry for over a century. Leather is used to make shoes, bags, saddles, jackets, and many traditional Māori taonga (treasures) such as belts and kete (woven bags). But how is it made?
The journey of leather begins with the hide — the skin of an animal, most commonly cows. In Aotearoa, hides are usually collected from meat processing plants, where animals have been ethically farmed and used for food. Instead of throwing away the hides, they are cleaned and prepared for leather making, a process that ensures sustainability and reduces waste.
Once collected, the hides are salted or chilled to prevent rotting. Then they are sent to a tannery. Tanning is the process that turns raw hide into leather. First, the hides are soaked in large drums to soften them and remove hair and fat. This step, called liming, also helps clean the hide thoroughly.
Next comes the tanning step itself. There are two main types: vegetable tanning, which uses natural plant materials, and chrome tanning, which uses minerals like chromium. Vegetable tanning takes longer but is better for the environment. Chrome tanning is faster and makes leather softer and more flexible.
After tanning, the hides are dried and dyed. They might be coloured brown, black, or even bright colours depending on what they’ll be used for. The leather is then stretched, rolled, and cut into shapes for making different products. Some pieces are stitched or glued into bags, shoes, jackets, or craftwork.
In Whanganui, some local artisans and whānau still use traditional handcraft methods, blending modern science with old knowledge. Many workshops work with Māori artists, who use leather in kapa haka uniforms and cultural items.
As people become more interested in ethical fashion and sustainable practices, New Zealand’s leather industry is adapting. Some tanneries are using eco-friendly methods to reduce water and chemical use. Others are creating workshops and school programs to teach young people the craft and care behind leatherwork.
Leather isn’t just a material — it’s part of a wider story of farming, fashion, and Māori and settler history in Aotearoa.
Questions:
- Where does most of the leather in New Zealand come from?Most of the leather comes from Hamilton and Whanganui.
2.Why are the hides salted or chilled before being tanned?They are chilled and salted so the hides don’t rot or deteriorate
- What is liming, and what does it do?Liming is where you put the hides in big drums and it removes the hair and fat.
- Name two types of tanning and describe one benefit of each. One type of tanning is vegetable tanning which uses natural plant materials and its better for the environment and the other one is chrome tanning which uses minerals and it is the faster type of tanning.
- What happens to the leather after it is tanned? The hides are dyed after they are tanned.
- How is vegetable tanning different from chrome tanning?Vegetable tanning is better for the environment but its slower then chrome tanning.
- Why is leather production considered sustainable in some ways?some ways are that because leather can be a hard process and it can go wrong.
- What are some traditional Māori uses for leather?Some Maori uses are belts and cloth.
- How is the industry changing today?The industry is different because they look for the fastest way.
- Why is it important to learn about the leather-making process?Its important because if you want to work at a leather factory you will know how to do it.